{"id":2327,"date":"2026-09-21T13:14:59","date_gmt":"2026-09-21T13:14:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/?p=2327"},"modified":"2026-09-21T13:48:39","modified_gmt":"2026-09-21T13:48:39","slug":"scisoup-lab-stories-a-conversation-with-prof-v-ramgopal-rao","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/09\/21\/scisoup-lab-stories-a-conversation-with-prof-v-ramgopal-rao\/","title":{"rendered":"SciSoup Lab Stories \u2013 A Conversation with Prof. V. Ramgopal Rao"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"2327\" class=\"elementor elementor-2327\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-501491be e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"501491be\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-112db433 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"112db433\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-714c474e elementor-widget elementor-widget-sina_post_title\" data-id=\"714c474e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"sina_post_title.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"sina-post-title\">SciSoup Lab Stories \u2013 A Conversation with Prof. V. Ramgopal Rao<\/h2><!-- .sina-post-title -->\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f332f39 e-grid e-con-full e-con e-child\" data-id=\"1f332f39\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d319580 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"d319580\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4dc8466b elementor-widget elementor-widget-sina_post_meta\" data-id=\"4dc8466b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;avatar_size&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:29,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]}}\" data-widget_type=\"sina_post_meta.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul class=\"sina-post-meta\">\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"eicon-user-circle-o\"><\/i>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/author\/admin\/\" rel=\"author\">SciSoup<\/a>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<li>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i class=\"eicon-calendar\"><\/i>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSeptember 21, 2026\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/li>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/ul><!-- .sina-post-meta -->\r\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-63c9b263 e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"63c9b263\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5272b294 elementor-widget elementor-widget-shortcode\" data-id=\"5272b294\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"shortcode.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-shortcode\"><div class=\"heateor_sss_sharing_container heateor_sss_horizontal_sharing\" data-heateor-ss-offset=\"0\" 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xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\" viewBox=\"-6 -5 40 40\"><path class=\"heateor_sss_svg_stroke heateor_sss_no_fill\" stroke=\"#fff\" stroke-width=\"2\" fill=\"none\" d=\"M 11.579798566743314 24.396926207859085 A 10 10 0 1 0 6.808479557110079 20.73576436351046\"><\/path><path d=\"M 7 19 l -1 6 l 6 -1\" class=\"heateor_sss_no_fill heateor_sss_svg_stroke\" stroke=\"#fff\" stroke-width=\"2\" fill=\"none\"><\/path><path d=\"M 10 10 q -1 8 8 11 c 5 -1 0 -6 -1 -3 q -4 -3 -5 -5 c 4 -2 -1 -5 -1 -4\" fill=\"#fff\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"heateorSssClear\"><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-de4d51a elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"de4d51a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"572\" src=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Vramgopalrao-1024x572.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-2336\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Vramgopalrao-1024x572.png 1024w, https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Vramgopalrao-300x167.png 300w, https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Vramgopalrao-768x429.png 768w, https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Vramgopalrao.png 1376w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68d6cf39 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"68d6cf39\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">RATNESHWAR THAKUR<\/span><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-39067d38 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"39067d38\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A Conversation with Prof. V. Ramgopal Rao, Group Vice-Chancellor, BITS Pilani -\nOn nanoelectronics, research, innovation, leadership, mentorship, and the future of science and technology.\n<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6191c9f8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6191c9f8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>From the Editor<\/strong><\/p><p>Scientific progress is driven not only by the pursuit of knowledge but also by the ability to translate discoveries into technologies that address real-world challenges. Few journeys illustrate this connection as meaningfully as that of <strong>Prof. V. Ramgopal Rao<\/strong>, a leading nanoelectronics researcher, academic leader, and advocate of research-driven innovation in India.<\/p><p>From his early work in semiconductor devices and CMOS technologies to his contributions to sensor development and deep-tech entrepreneurship, Prof. Rao has combined scientific research with efforts to build institutions and platforms that enable others to pursue ambitious ideas. His work reflects the possibilities that emerge when fundamental science, engineering, and technological translation come together.<\/p><p>As Group Vice-Chancellor of BITS Pilani, and formerly Director of IIT Delhi, Prof. Rao has also played a significant role in shaping academic and research environments. His experience spans laboratory research, national nanoelectronics initiatives, mentorship, institutional leadership, and the journey from scientific prototypes to commercial products.<\/p><p>In this edition of <strong>SciSoup Lab Stories<\/strong>, Prof. Rao reflects on the experiences that shaped his scientific journey\u2014from his education in Telugu-medium government institutions to advanced research in Germany and the United States, and his decision to return to India. He discusses the challenges of building research infrastructure, the value of interdisciplinary collaboration, and the importance of nurturing independent thinkers.<\/p><p>The conversation also explores the changing landscape of nanoelectronics, the opportunities and limitations of artificial intelligence in research, the role of science communication, and the need for a more inclusive and innovation-driven research ecosystem. Prof. Rao shares his perspectives on deep-tech entrepreneurship, technology translation, and the responsibility of institutions to support the next generation of scientists and innovators.<\/p><p>This conversation offers insights into how curiosity, scientific rigour, institutional vision, and perseverance can shape both an individual research career and the broader development of science and technology in India.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-28b7c942 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"28b7c942\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>The Beginning<\/strong><\/p><p>There was no grand plan in my childhood to become a scientist. I grew up in Kollapur, a small town in the then Mahabubnagar district of Telangana. I studied in Telugu medium government schools and colleges until the end of my intermediate education. The facilities were modest, and our exposure to the larger world of science and technology was very limited. I had no idea about IITs. Coming from a Telugu medium background, it was not even an option for us at that time.<\/p><p>I studied Electronics and Instrumentation Engineering at Kakatiya University. That was when I began to understand how mathematics, physics and engineering could come together to solve real problems. Later, at IIT Bombay, where I pursued my M.Tech., I was exposed to a completely different academic environment. I met outstanding teachers, interacted with talented students from across the country and began to see research as a possible career.<\/p><p>My doctoral work in Germany was another major turning point. I completed my doctorate at the University of the Bundeswehr Munich and later went to UCLA for postdoctoral research. Germany taught me discipline, focus and respect for experimental rigour. UCLA exposed me to a research culture where ambitious ideas were encouraged and where universities worked closely with industry.<\/p><p>However, I always wanted to return to India. The opportunities abroad were attractive, but the possibility of building something meaningful in India attracted me even more. When I joined IIT Bombay as a young faculty member, nanoelectronics was still an emerging field in the country. We had to build laboratories, train students, create collaborations and often develop our own solutions when equipment or expertise was not readily available.<\/p><p>Looking back, I do not see my journey as a sequence of carefully planned moves. Each opportunity prepared me for the next one. Coming from a Telugu medium government school also taught me something important. <em><strong>Your starting point need not determine your destination. What matters is whether you remain curious, keep learning and make the best use of every opportunity that comes your way.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-31f9bcf7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"31f9bcf7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Shaping a Scientific Career<\/strong><\/p><p>Different stages of my career taught me different aspects of science.<\/p><p>My doctoral work in Germany taught me that research requires enormous discipline. Completing an experiment is not enough. One must ask whether the experiment was designed correctly, whether the data can be trusted and whether someone else can reproduce the result. The ability to separate what we want to believe from what the data is actually telling us is central to becoming a good scientist.<\/p><p>My years at IIT Bombay shaped me in another way. I realised very early that good research cannot happen without good infrastructure. Nanoelectronics research requires expensive fabrication and characterisation facilities. An individual faculty member cannot build all of this within a personal laboratory. This led me to become involved in building the Centre of Excellence in Nanoelectronics and later the Indian Nanoelectronics Users Programme. Through these efforts, researchers and students from institutions across India could access sophisticated nanofabrication facilities.<\/p><p>That experience changed my understanding of scientific leadership. Publishing my own papers was no longer enough. I began to see the value of creating platforms through which hundreds of other researchers could do good science. Building a national research facility is also an experiment of a different kind. It requires scientific judgement, administrative persistence, financial management and the ability to bring people together.<\/p><p>My experience as Director of IIT Delhi, and now as Vice Chancellor of BITS Pilani, further widened this perspective. Universities do not become great because of a few outstanding individuals. They become great when ordinary processes consistently enable talented people to do extraordinary work. Faculty recruitment, research funding, student mentoring, shared facilities, industry partnerships and institutional culture all matter.<\/p><p>Scientific discoveries are often presented as sudden moments of brilliance. In reality, they usually emerge after years of preparation, failed experiments, discussions across disciplines and patient refinement. A good scientist learns to ask important questions. A scientific leader must create an environment in which many others can ask such questions and pursue them without fear.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-133745b6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"133745b6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Research Focus \u2013 Questions That Matter<\/strong><\/p><p>What has always excited me about nanoelectronics is the possibility of converting an understanding of materials and devices at extremely small dimensions into technologies that can operate in the real world.<\/p><p>My early research was largely in semiconductor devices and CMOS technologies. Some of the intellectual property developed in our group eventually found its way into integrated circuits that have been manufactured in hundreds of millions of quantity. For a researcher, it is deeply satisfying to know that an idea developed in a university laboratory has become part of a technology used across the world.<\/p><p>Over time, my research moved increasingly towards sensors. A sensor is an interesting device because it sits at the boundary between the physical world and the electronic world. It detects something in the environment and converts it into information that can be measured, processed and acted upon. This could be the presence of an explosive, the moisture content in soil, a biological molecule or a change in temperature or pressure.<\/p><p>This research led us to work on microcantilever sensors, polymer-based platforms, molecular electronics, agricultural sensors and several low-cost sensing systems. Some of these technologies were translated through startups such as <strong>NanoSniff<\/strong> and <strong>SoilSens<\/strong>. Explosive detection systems developed from our research have been deployed for security applications. Our soil sensing work sought to help farmers use water and nutrients more efficiently. The teams at Nanosniff and Soilsens, led by my PhD students, did a marvelous job getting them to the market.<\/p><p>For me, this is what makes engineering research exciting. The same journey can begin with electrons moving across an interface and end with a security officer, a doctor or a farmer using a product.<\/p><p>India needs both fundamental research and useful technologies. We should not force every scientific discovery into an immediate commercial application. Fundamental science has its own value and often creates benefits that cannot be predicted in advance. At the same time, researchers must remain aware of the problems around them.<\/p><p><em><strong>A paper is an important outcome of research, but it need not be the final outcome. Sometimes the real value of research becomes visible only when the knowledge is converted into a device, a process, a company or a public good.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e0086ad elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3e0086ad\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Interdisciplinary Approach<\/strong><\/p><p>Almost all my significant research has involved people from disciplines other than my own. Nanoelectronics may appear to be an engineering subject, but it draws equally from physics, chemistry, materials science, biology and mechanical engineering.<\/p><p>I have published an unusually large number of papers with colleagues from physics and chemistry. These collaborations were not undertaken merely to add another discipline to a proposal. They became necessary because the scientific questions demanded them.<\/p><p>An engineer may know how to design a transistor or fabricate a microcantilever. But when that device has to detect a biological molecule, a chemical species or an explosive vapour, many other questions arise. How does the molecule attach itself to the surface? Is the interaction selective? Will humidity affect the response? Can the surface be regenerated? Will the material remain stable after several months? These questions require chemists, physicists, biologists, materials scientists and engineers to work together.<\/p><p>The same is true when a laboratory device is converted into a product. Packaging, electronics, software, calibration, manufacturing, certification and user behaviour all become important. No single person, and certainly no single academic department, can possess all this expertise.<\/p><p>Interdisciplinary research, however, is not always easy. Different disciplines use different terminology, publish in different journals and sometimes even have different ideas of what constitutes a good result. Successful collaboration requires patience and mutual respect. It also requires generosity in sharing credit.<\/p><p>Universities must make such collaboration easier. Our academic structures are still organised largely around departments. Budgets, faculty evaluation, laboratory space and doctoral programmes often reinforce these boundaries. We need more shared facilities, joint doctoral supervision, flexible faculty appointments and research centres organised around problems rather than disciplines.<\/p><p>Interdisciplinary research does not begin after the proposal has been written. It begins when people from different backgrounds define the problem together.<\/p><p>The most interesting problems today lie at the boundaries. Semiconductors and biology, artificial intelligence and materials, electronics and healthcare, sensors and agriculture are only a few examples. <em><strong>The future will belong to researchers who possess depth in one area but are comfortable working with people who think very differently from them.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-60e182c3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"60e182c3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Breakthrough \u2013 Lessons from Curiosity<\/strong><\/p><p>The most memorable moments in research are not always the ones that produce the most cited papers.<\/p><p>One of the most satisfying experiences of my career was seeing our sensor research move out of the laboratory and become a working explosive detection system. The original scientific idea involved highly sensitive microcantilevers that could detect very small quantities of specific substances. Demonstrating such sensitivity under controlled laboratory conditions was an important achievement. But that was only the beginning.<\/p><p>A laboratory is a forgiving environment. Temperature, humidity, vibration and contamination can be controlled. An airport or a security location is entirely different. A product must work reliably in the hands of different users and under changing environmental conditions. It must produce very few false alarms. It must survive transportation, repeated usage and imperfect maintenance. It must also pass several stages of testing and certification.<\/p><p>Moving from a scientific result to a dependable product took far more effort than publishing the original work. There were many occasions when writing another paper would have been easier than solving the next engineering problem. Thanks to the teams in Nanosniff and Soilsens, the day I saw a product based on our research being used for security applications, the long journey seemed worthwhile.<\/p><p>Another important milestone was seeing semiconductor related intellectual property from our research used in commercial integrated circuits manufactured at a very large scale. This happened quietly. There was no dramatic laboratory moment. Yet the eventual impact was enormous.<\/p><p>These experiences changed the direction of my work. I began to think more seriously about translation, startups and the systems needed to take technologies from laboratories to markets. They also led to the creation of NanoSniff and SoilSens.<\/p><p>A breakthrough is often described as a moment of discovery. In deep technology, the real breakthrough may be the point at which an idea becomes reliable, affordable and useful. Scientific novelty gets a technology noticed. Engineering persistence is what finally takes it into society.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-55f27b7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"55f27b7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Research Philosophy \u2013 Challenges and advice<\/strong><\/p><p>Research is not a bed of roses. Fabrication runs fail. Instruments stop working at the most inconvenient time. Proposals that took months to prepare are rejected. Papers are returned with harsh reviews. An idea that looked exciting for a year may suddenly lead nowhere.<\/p><p>I have experienced all of these.<\/p><p>When I began my career in India, access to advanced nanoelectronics facilities was a major challenge. Equipment was expensive, procurement took time and maintenance support was often inadequate. Researchers in many institutions had good ideas but no access to the facilities required to test them. This was one of the motivations behind creating shared national facilities and user programmes.<\/p><p>A second challenge was converting research into products. India has become reasonably good at creating laboratory prototypes. We are much less successful at crossing the distance between a prototype and a reliable commercial product. This stage requires patient funding, engineering teams, field trials, certification, manufacturing partners and early customers. It may take several years, during which the technology is too applied for a research grant and still too risky for conventional investors.<\/p><p><em><strong>My advice to young researchers is simple. Choose an important problem and become deeply knowledgeable about it. Do not chase every fashionable topic. Fashion changes quickly. Strong fundamentals remain useful throughout a career.<\/strong><\/em><\/p><p>Passion, patience and perseverance matter enormously. Passion helps you begin. Patience allows you to develop real expertise. Perseverance keeps you going when nothing appears to work. Research rarely progresses according to the schedule written in a proposal.<\/p><p>It is also important to remain intellectually honest. Never become so attached to an idea that you begin to ignore inconvenient data. Ambition is necessary, but humility before evidence is equally necessary.<\/p><p>Do not design your career entirely around publication counts, citation numbers or awards. These are useful indicators, but they are not the purpose of science. Ask whether your work has improved understanding, solved a difficult problem, enabled other researchers or created something useful.<\/p><p>Failure in research is not the opposite of success. Very often, it is the route through which success is reached.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21007ae0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"21007ae0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Mentorship \u2013 Nurturing Independent Thinkers<\/strong><\/p><p>The most satisfying moment in mentoring is when a student no longer needs the mentor. An even better moment is when the student disagrees with the mentor and turns out to be right.<\/p><p>I have supervised more than 50 doctoral students. They are now working in universities, research laboratories, semiconductor companies and startups across the world. Their achievements give me greater satisfaction than any individual paper or award.<\/p><p>A PhD is not merely the production of a thesis. It is the transformation of a student into an independent researcher. At the beginning, students often expect the supervisor to define the problem, design every experiment and interpret every result. Over time, they must learn to ask their own questions, defend their conclusions and accept responsibility for their work.<\/p><p>I encourage students to develop strong fundamentals. Tools and technologies will keep changing, but someone who understands the underlying science can learn new tools throughout life. I also insist on scientific integrity. A researcher\u2019s credibility is built slowly and can be lost very quickly.<\/p><p>The ability to communicate is equally important. A brilliant idea that cannot be explained clearly will struggle to attract collaborators, funding or users. Students must learn to write, present, listen and work with people from different backgrounds.<\/p><p>Resilience is another essential quality. Research students often compare themselves with others and become discouraged when results do not come quickly. Every research journey has periods when progress is invisible. Learning to work through such periods is part of the training.<\/p><p>I also encourage an entrepreneurial mindset. This does not mean that every student must start a company. It means taking ownership, identifying problems, acting without waiting for instructions and understanding how one\u2019s work creates value. India needs entrepreneurial thinking throughout society, not only among startup founders.<\/p><p>Having studied in Telugu medium government schools, I also understand that confidence and capability do not always develop at the same pace. A good mentor must recognise talent before the student fully recognises it. Mentoring should create confidence and independence, not dependence on the supervisor.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e3b3617 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1e3b3617\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>AI and the Future of Science<\/strong><\/p><p>Artificial intelligence will transform scientific research, but perhaps not in the way it is often discussed.<\/p><p>AI can already assist researchers in reading literature, analysing large datasets, writing code, optimising device designs and identifying patterns that may not be obvious to the human eye. In materials research, drug discovery and semiconductor design, it can significantly reduce the time required to explore a large number of possibilities. It will increasingly become part of every researcher\u2019s toolkit.<\/p><p>However, access to information will no longer be the major differentiator. Almost anyone will be able to obtain explanations, generate code or produce a preliminary design. The scarce qualities will be judgement, originality and the ability to execute.<\/p><p>AI can suggest a hundred possible solutions. It cannot easily decide which problem is worth spending ten years on. It cannot take responsibility for unreliable data. It cannot replace the experience required to recognise that an experimental result looks suspicious. Implementation and building will remain central human capabilities. The doers will ultimately be the winners.<\/p><p>Education must therefore change. We cannot continue with assessment systems that reward students mainly for reproducing information. We will need more open-ended problems, laboratory work, design projects, discussions and oral examinations where students must explain and defend their reasoning.<\/p><p>There are also serious risks. AI systems can generate convincing but incorrect answers. They may reproduce biases present in the data. Students may begin using them before developing the fundamentals needed to judge their outputs. Researchers must also be careful about confidential data, intellectual property and reproducibility.<\/p><p>The answer is not to keep AI out of classrooms or laboratories. That is neither possible nor desirable. We must teach students how to use it intelligently, verify its outputs and recognise its limitations.<\/p><p><strong><em>AI should make scientists more ambitious. It should allow us to ask questions that were earlier too complex or time consuming. But it must remain an instrument in the hands of a knowledgeable researcher. It should improve human capability, not replace the effort required to develop it.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8a263ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8a263ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Science Communication \u2013 Connecting with Society<\/strong><\/p><p>I write regularly because I write to learn. The process of explaining an idea to a wider audience forces me to examine whether I have understood it clearly myself.<\/p><p>Scientists often complain that society does not appreciate research sufficiently. But we must also ask whether we have made enough effort to explain what we do and why it matters. Too much scientific knowledge remains confined to specialised journals that are read by a very small community.<\/p><p>Communication does not mean oversimplifying science. It means presenting the essential idea in language appropriate to the audience. A policymaker may need to understand why a particular research area deserves public investment. An industry leader may want to know whether a technology can meet requirements of reliability, cost and scale. A student may simply want to know why the subject is exciting. The same research must be communicated differently to each of them.<\/p><p>Scientists also have a responsibility to communicate uncertainty. Every laboratory result is not a breakthrough. Every promising technology will not become a product. Public trust is damaged when scientific claims are exaggerated. We must be as honest about limitations as we are enthusiastic about possibilities.<\/p><p>Good science communication is also important for policy. India cannot build a strong research ecosystem unless decision makers understand how research works. Scientific progress requires patience, continuity of funding and tolerance for failure. These ideas must be explained repeatedly and with evidence.<\/p><p>Social media has given scientists an opportunity to reach people directly, but it also demands care. Complex issues can easily become polarised or reduced to slogans. Scientists must participate without becoming careless with facts.<\/p><p>Communication should not be viewed as publicity that begins after the research is completed. It is part of the research process itself. It helps us attract collaborators, build public support, influence policy and inspire young people.<\/p><p><em><strong>Science is supported by society. Scientists therefore owe society an understandable account of what they are trying to achieve, what they have learnt and why it matters.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6becb876 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6becb876\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Diversity and Inclusion<\/strong><\/p><p>My own journey has convinced me that talent can emerge from places that our institutions often overlook. I came from Telugu medium government schools in a small town. There would have been no obvious reason at that stage to imagine that I would one day become a professor at IIT Bombay, lead IIT Delhi or serve as Vice Chancellor of BITS Pilani group of institutions.<\/p><p>We have certainly made progress. More women are entering STEM programmes. Students from smaller towns and families with no previous experience of higher education are reaching leading institutions. Digital access has also made high-quality learning resources available far beyond major cities.<\/p><p>However, admission into an institution is only the first step. Students arrive with very different levels of financial support, language confidence, academic preparation, professional networks and exposure. Treating everyone identically after they enter does not automatically create equity.<\/p><p>Institutions must provide strong academic mentoring, financial support, accessible counselling and opportunities for undergraduate research. Students should not be excluded from a good education simply because their families cannot afford the fees. This is why I strongly believe in building institutions that can eventually become tuition blind for deserving students.<\/p><p>Gender diversity also requires attention beyond student admissions. We need more women in faculty positions, research leadership, institutional governance and entrepreneurship. Campus safety, supportive workplaces and appropriate family support systems all influence whether women remain and progress in scientific careers.<\/p><p>Research infrastructure is another major issue. World class facilities are concentrated in a relatively small number of institutions. Many talented researchers in regional universities struggle because they lack equipment, funding or good mentorship. Shared facilities and national user programmes can help, but research funding must also become more widely distributed.<\/p><p>Equity does not mean lowering standards. It means ensuring that capable people are not prevented from competing because of circumstances beyond their control.<\/p><p><em><strong>Excellence and inclusion are not opposing goals. A system that searches for talent across regions, languages, genders and economic backgrounds will ultimately produce better science. India cannot afford to waste ability simply because it appeared in an unfamiliar place or in a person without the right connections.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19b5b27a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"19b5b27a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Future Directions<\/strong><\/p><p>Nanoelectronics is entering a particularly exciting period. For several decades, progress in electronics was driven mainly by making transistors smaller. That approach has delivered extraordinary advances, but the future will involve much more than scaling a single device.<\/p><p>We will see new materials, three-dimensional integration, chiplets, advanced packaging, power electronics, flexible devices, intelligent sensors and computing architectures designed specifically for artificial intelligence. Neuromorphic systems, which seek to process information in ways inspired by the human brain, are also promising. Quantum sensors may allow us to measure physical quantities with levels of precision that were previously impossible.<\/p><p>What excites me most is the integration of sensing, computing, communication and energy into compact systems. A future sensor may not merely collect data. It may analyse the information locally, communicate only what is necessary and operate for years with minimal power. Such systems can transform healthcare, agriculture, mobility, environmental monitoring and national security.<\/p><p>India has a major opportunity here. We must participate across the semiconductor value chain, including design, fabrication, compound semiconductors, sensors, packaging, materials and manufacturing equipment. We should not measure success only by the number of fabrication plants that are announced. A sustainable ecosystem requires research institutions, skilled people, suppliers, startups and patient capital.<\/p><p><strong>I would like the next generation of scientists to become much better at converting prototypes into products. I want to see technologies developed in Indian universities being manufactured in India and used across the world. I would also like them to build research platforms that enable thousands of others, rather than pursuing only individual success.<\/strong><\/p><p>A paper in a leading journal is a valuable achievement. A technology used by millions creates a different kind of impact. An institution or platform that enables an entire generation may create an even larger one.<\/p><p>Self-reliance starts with self-confidence. I hope the next generation will not keep asking whether India can produce world class science and technology. They should be asking how quickly, how reliably and at what scale it can be done.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4451de0e e-con-full e-flex e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4451de0e\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3ae3d2d5 section-title-style-style2 title-three-line meta-visibility-show title_position_default title_hover_border_default img_hover_animation_default meta_position_default tpg-category-position-default grid-hover-overlay-type-always tpg-el-box-border-enable tpg-border-bottom-disable elementor-widget elementor-widget-tpg-list-layout\" data-id=\"3ae3d2d5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"tpg-list-layout.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n        <div class=\"rt-container-fluid rt-tpg-container tpg-el-main-wrapper list-layout1-main \"\n             data-sc-id=\"elementor\"\n             id=\"rt-tpg-container-2351062805\"\n             data-layout=\"list-layout1\"\n             data-grid-style=\"tpg-even\"\n             data-el-settings=''\n             data-el-query=''\n             data-el-path=''\n        >\n\t\t\t            <div class='tpg-header-wrapper '>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"tpg-widget-heading-wrapper rt-clear heading-style2 \">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"tpg-widget-heading-line line-left\"><\/span>\n\t\t\t<h2 class='tpg-widget-heading'>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\tTOP STORIES\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\t\t\t<span class=\"tpg-widget-heading-line line-right\"><\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\n\t\t            <\/div>\n\n            <div data-title=\"Loading ...\" class=\"rt-row rt-content-loader list-layout1 tpg-even list-behaviour list-layout-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-12 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-list-item rt-grid-item\" data-id=\"2327\">\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder \">\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"2327\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/09\/21\/scisoup-lab-stories-a-conversation-with-prof-v-ramgopal-rao\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/Vramgopalrao-150x150.png\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t class=\"rt-img-responsive\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t width=\"150\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t height=\"150\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t alt=\"SciSoup Lab Stories \u2013 A Conversation with Prof. V. Ramgopal Rao\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"post-right-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"2327\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/09\/21\/scisoup-lab-stories-a-conversation-with-prof-v-ramgopal-rao\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">SciSoup Lab Stories \u2013 A Conversation with Prof. V. Ramgopal Rao<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"date\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"tpg-flaticon-calendar \"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/09\/21\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\tSeptember 21, 2026\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"categories-links\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"tpg-flaticon-folder \"><\/i><a class=\"uncategorized\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/uncategorized\/\">Uncategorized<\/a>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-12 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-list-item rt-grid-item\" data-id=\"2293\">\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder \">\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"2293\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/07\/26\/scisoup-lab-stories-a-conversation-with-prof-amitabh-joshi\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/AB-Final-1-150x150.png\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t class=\"rt-img-responsive\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t width=\"150\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t height=\"150\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t alt=\"SciSoup Lab Stories \u2013 A Conversation with Prof. Amitabh Joshi\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"post-right-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"2293\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/07\/26\/scisoup-lab-stories-a-conversation-with-prof-amitabh-joshi\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">SciSoup Lab Stories \u2013 A Conversation with Prof. Amitabh Joshi<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"date\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"tpg-flaticon-calendar \"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/07\/26\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\tJuly 26, 2026\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"categories-links\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"tpg-flaticon-folder \"><\/i><a class=\"articles\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/articles\/\">Articles<\/a><span class=\"rt-separator\">,<\/span><a class=\"lab-stories\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/lab-stories\/\">Lab Stories<\/a><span class=\"rt-separator\">,<\/span><a class=\"latest\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/latest\/\">Latest<\/a><span class=\"rt-separator\">,<\/span><a class=\"recent-posts\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/recent-posts\/\">Recent Posts<\/a>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-12 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-list-item rt-grid-item\" data-id=\"2256\">\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder \">\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"2256\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/07\/19\/scientists-uncover-why-grey-mold-defeats-resistance-across-crops\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/ritusinghgp-150x150.jpg\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t class=\"rt-img-responsive\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t width=\"150\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t height=\"150\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t alt=\"Scientists Uncover Why Grey Mold Defeats Resistance Across Crops\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"post-right-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"2256\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/07\/19\/scientists-uncover-why-grey-mold-defeats-resistance-across-crops\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Scientists Uncover Why Grey Mold Defeats Resistance Across Crops<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"date\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"tpg-flaticon-calendar \"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/07\/19\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\tJuly 19, 2026\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"categories-links\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"tpg-flaticon-folder \"><\/i><a class=\"articles\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/articles\/\">Articles<\/a><span class=\"rt-separator\">,<\/span><a class=\"latest\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/latest\/\">Latest<\/a><span class=\"rt-separator\">,<\/span><a class=\"recent-posts\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/recent-posts\/\">Recent Posts<\/a>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-12 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-list-item rt-grid-item\" data-id=\"2211\">\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder \">\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"2211\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/07\/15\/how-faulty-rna-processing-alerts-cells-to-infection\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/JSingh-150x150.png\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t class=\"rt-img-responsive\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t width=\"150\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t height=\"150\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t alt=\"How Faulty RNA Processing Alerts Cells to Infection\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"post-right-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"2211\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/07\/15\/how-faulty-rna-processing-alerts-cells-to-infection\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">How Faulty RNA Processing Alerts Cells to Infection<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"date\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"tpg-flaticon-calendar \"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/07\/15\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\tJuly 15, 2026\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"categories-links\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"tpg-flaticon-folder \"><\/i><a class=\"articles\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/articles\/\">Articles<\/a><span 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src=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/SCISOUP-FLYER-BANNER-150x150.png\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t class=\"rt-img-responsive\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t width=\"150\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t height=\"150\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t alt=\"SciSoup Lab Stories: Conversations with STEM Leaders\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"post-right-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"2042\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/07\/12\/scisoup-lab-stories-conversations-with-stem-leaders\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">SciSoup Lab Stories: Conversations with STEM Leaders<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"date\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"tpg-flaticon-calendar \"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/07\/12\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\tJuly 12, 2026\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"categories-links\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"tpg-flaticon-folder \"><\/i><a class=\"articles\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/articles\/\">Articles<\/a><span class=\"rt-separator\">,<\/span><a class=\"lab-stories\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/lab-stories\/\">Lab Stories<\/a><span class=\"rt-separator\">,<\/span><a class=\"latest\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/latest\/\">Latest<\/a><span class=\"rt-separator\">,<\/span><a class=\"spotlight\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/spotlight\/\">Spotlight<\/a>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-12 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-list-item rt-grid-item\" data-id=\"1954\">\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder \">\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"1954\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/07\/02\/science-beyond-boundaries-inspiring-ideas-from-the-37th-mid-year-meeting-of-the-indian-academy-of-sciences\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Special_and_Public_Lecture_MYM_2026-4-150x150.png\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t class=\"rt-img-responsive\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t width=\"150\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t height=\"150\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t alt=\"Science Beyond Boundaries: Inspiring Ideas from the 37th Mid-Year Meeting of the Indian Academy of Sciences\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"post-right-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"1954\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/07\/02\/science-beyond-boundaries-inspiring-ideas-from-the-37th-mid-year-meeting-of-the-indian-academy-of-sciences\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Science Beyond Boundaries: Inspiring Ideas from the 37th Mid-Year Meeting of the Indian Academy of Sciences<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"date\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"tpg-flaticon-calendar \"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/07\/02\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\tJuly 2, 2026\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"categories-links\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"tpg-flaticon-folder \"><\/i><a class=\"articles\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/articles\/\">Articles<\/a><span class=\"rt-separator\">,<\/span><a class=\"recent-posts\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/recent-posts\/\">Recent Posts<\/a>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-12 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-list-item rt-grid-item\" data-id=\"1945\">\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder \">\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"1945\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/07\/02\/ultrasound-mechanostimulation-shows-promise-in-selectively-targeting-oral-cancer-cells\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/07\/Ultrasound-cancer-cells2_Siddhesh-Saigaonkar-150x150.jpeg\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t class=\"rt-img-responsive\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t width=\"150\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t height=\"150\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t alt=\"Ultrasound Mechanostimulation Shows Promise In Selectively Targeting Oral Cancer Cells\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"post-right-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"1945\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/07\/02\/ultrasound-mechanostimulation-shows-promise-in-selectively-targeting-oral-cancer-cells\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Ultrasound Mechanostimulation Shows Promise In Selectively Targeting Oral Cancer Cells<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"date\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"tpg-flaticon-calendar \"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/07\/02\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\tJuly 2, 2026\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"categories-links\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"tpg-flaticon-folder \"><\/i><a class=\"articles\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/articles\/\">Articles<\/a><span class=\"rt-separator\">,<\/span><a class=\"latest\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/latest\/\">Latest<\/a>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-12 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-list-item rt-grid-item\" data-id=\"1936\">\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder \">\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"1936\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/06\/28\/3d-printed-silk-implant-regenerates-cartilage-in-osteoarthritic-rat-knees\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/OA-150x150.png\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t class=\"rt-img-responsive\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t width=\"150\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t height=\"150\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t alt=\"3D-Printed Silk Implant Regenerates Cartilage In Osteoarthritic Rat Knees\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"post-right-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"1936\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/06\/28\/3d-printed-silk-implant-regenerates-cartilage-in-osteoarthritic-rat-knees\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">3D-Printed Silk Implant Regenerates Cartilage In Osteoarthritic Rat Knees<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"date\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"tpg-flaticon-calendar \"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/06\/28\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\tJune 28, 2026\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"categories-links\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"tpg-flaticon-folder \"><\/i><a class=\"articles\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/articles\/\">Articles<\/a><span class=\"rt-separator\">,<\/span><a class=\"latest\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/latest\/\">Latest<\/a><span class=\"rt-separator\">,<\/span><a class=\"recent-posts\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/recent-posts\/\">Recent Posts<\/a>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"rt-col-md-12 rt-col-sm-12 rt-col-xs-12 default rt-list-item rt-grid-item\" data-id=\"1877\">\n\t<div class=\"rt-holder tpg-post-holder \">\n\t\t<div class=\"rt-detail rt-el-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"rt-img-holder tpg-el-image-wrap has-thumbnail\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a data-id=\"1877\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/06\/13\/muscle-protein-helps-control-blood-sugar-revealing-new-link-to-diabetes\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Sam-Mathew-Research-team-150x150.jpg\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t class=\"rt-img-responsive\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t width=\"150\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t height=\"150\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t alt=\"Muscle protein helps control blood sugar, revealing new link to diabetes\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"overlay grid-hover-content\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"post-right-content\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"entry-title-wrapper\"><h3 class=\"entry-title\"><a data-id=\"1877\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/06\/13\/muscle-protein-helps-control-blood-sugar-revealing-new-link-to-diabetes\/\" class=\"tpg-post-link\" target=\"_self\">Muscle protein helps control blood sugar, revealing new link to diabetes<\/a><\/h3><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"post-meta-tags rt-el-post-meta\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"date\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"tpg-flaticon-calendar \"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/2026\/06\/13\/\">\n\t\t\t\t\tJune 13, 2026\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"categories-links\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"tpg-flaticon-folder \"><\/i><a class=\"articles\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/articles\/\">Articles<\/a><span class=\"rt-separator\">,<\/span><a class=\"lab-stories\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/lab-stories\/\">Lab Stories<\/a><span class=\"rt-separator\">,<\/span><a class=\"latest\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/latest\/\">Latest<\/a><span class=\"rt-separator\">,<\/span><a class=\"recent-posts\" href=\"https:\/\/scisoup.org\/in\/category\/recent-posts\/\">Recent Posts<\/a>\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n            <\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\n        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